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KMID : 0365819660060010129
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Journal of Pusan Medical College
1966 Volume.6 No. 1 p.129 ~ p.157
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Experimental Studies on the Autoimmunologic Hepatic Injury
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Abstract
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Normal rabbits were sensitized with Normal Duck Serum (N. D. S) and received a challenging injection of Anti-Rabbit Liver Duck Serum (A. R. L. D. S.) two weeks later. The titer value of the antibody used in this injection was over 160. Subsequently, the pathological changes of important parenchymal organs including liver and other laboratory findings in this group were compared with those of control groups sensitized and challenged with N. D. S., Egg White(E. W.) and Liver Suspension (L. S. ).
in the second group, the normal rabbits were receiving long standing injections of A. R. L. D. S. and A. R. L. D. S, with E. W. At ten days intervals. Subsequently, the changes in the same parenchymal organs, variation in the circulating autoantibodies and the findings of liver scanning through Au188 were compared with those. of control. groups receiving repeated lonstanding injections of N. D. S. , E.W., and L.-S. The results were as follows:
1) The main changes in the liver were small round cell infiltration including large mononucleoles and plasma cells in the capsule of Glisson and the periphery of the h; patic lobules, proliferation of the arteriolar endothelium, wall thickening, necrosis of the hepatic lobules at the peripheral and midzone, liver cell degeneration, and proliferation of lattice´ fibers and Kupffer cells. These changes were always seen in the challenging gtuup but the changes in the control groups were mild. In the second group with long standing .injections of A. R. L. D. S. , of course, the more the times of injections increased, the more marked,the changes were.. There were typical changes of liver cirrhosis such as collagenous changes of the lattice fiber, and proliferation of the interlobular tissue and pseudolobule formation. In the control groups,. there were seen fibrotic changes, but no pseudolobule formation. In particular, there were almost no changes in the control group having long standing injections of L. S.
2) The changes in the vascular systems of such parenchymal organs as the heart, lungs, spleen, and kidney were similar with that of the liver. The common changes were congestion, hemostasis, swelling, thickening of arteriolar walls, perivascular infiltration of small round cells and proteinoid exudation. The characteristic changes were mainly the round cell accumulation in the myocardial interstitium; the Massm´s body of the lungs, the onion´ skin appearance of the spleen and the proliferative glomerulitis of the kidney.
These types of changes were seen In the group having a challenging injection too. But they were seen
more markedly in the long standing injection group including its control groups. There were no basic differences between the groups having A. R. L. D. S. , N. D. S. , and E. W. However the L. S. group showed specifically mild changes. No changes were seen in the adrenal cortex. There were seen only mild degenerative changes´in each parenchymal organ. As mentioned above, it is assumed that the changes in each parenchymal organ were not induced by the injected materials but rather by the injected foreign proteins, and were similar to those- seen in generalallergic reactions.
3) The results of liver function test showed increased total -protein, decreased albumin, increased globulin, decreased A/G ratio, positive C. C. F. , impaired B. S. P. excretion and increased SGPT. The hematological studies showed increased WBC count, and relative lymphocytosis. In the challenging (injection of A. R. L. D. S.) group, these changes were not remarkable. And no changes were seen in the control groups of this challenging injection group. However, in the group with long standing injections of A. R. L. D. S. , the greater the number of injections, the more marked were the changes. Besides the adove mentioned changes, T. R. (Takata Reaction), T. T. T. became positive and there was a decreased RBC count. But there were no visible definite changes in the control group having long standing injections.
4) Circulatory autoantibodies were, seen only in the group having long standing injections of A. R. L. D. S. The more the times by injections were given, the higher the titer of the antibodies was noted. The highest one reached 1:64.
5) In the picture of liver scanning, abnormal findings such as decreased absorption and mottled appearances were seen near the end of the course in the group having long standing injections of A. R. L. D. S.
6) On summarizing all the above findings, it could be concluded that all the changes induced dy the long standing injections of A. R. L. D. S. in normal rabbits were similar with those of active chronic hepatitis, one of the human autoimmune diseases. -
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